Genomic analysis of family data reveals additional genetic effects on intelligence and personality

Model Overview

A graphical overview of all models fitted to data from the Generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study. Choose a phenotype, and compare the models.

Abbreviations for the matrices: G: Common genetic. K: Pedigree genetic. F: Family. S: Sibling. C: Couple.

Methods: GREML-KIN: our method including related individuals, adjusting for shared environment. GREML-MS: GREML stratified by minor allele frequency bin.

Other abbreviations: g: general factor of intelligence. logL: log-likelihood for this model. n: sample size for this model. SE: Standard errors for the percentage explained by a component. MAF: Minor allele frequency.

Cognitive: g

GREML-KIN

Full
Variable Value SE
G 21 2.0
K 41 4.8
F 0 2.2
S 9 1.2
C 26 2.7
logL -8633 NA
n 19036 NA
Selected
Variable Value SE
G 23 2.1
K 31 2.9
S 9 1.3
C 22 2.0
logL -8612 NA
n 19036 NA
G
Variable Value SE
G 46 1.3
logL -8801 NA
n 19036 NA
K
Variable Value SE
K 57 1.5
logL -8792 NA
n 19036 NA
F
Variable Value SE
F 28 0.7
logL -8803 NA
n 19036 NA
S
Variable Value SE
S 38 1.1
logL -9030 NA
n 19036 NA
C
Variable Value SE
C 29 2.2
logL -9455 NA
n 19036 NA
GK
Variable Value SE
G 24 2.1
K 32 2.6
logL -8719 NA
n 19036 NA
GF
Variable Value SE
G 26 1.8
F 17 1.1
logL -8683 NA
n 19036 NA
GS
Variable Value SE
G 37 1.5
S 17 1.3
logL -8710 NA
n 19036 NA
GC
Variable Value SE
G 47 1.3
C 21 2.0
logL -8748 NA
n 19036 NA
KF
Variable Value SE
K 33 3.3
F 14 1.6
logL -8751 NA
n 19036 NA
KS
Variable Value SE
K 50 1.9
S 12 1.3
logL -8741 NA
n 19036 NA
KC
Variable Value SE
K 62 1.6
C 27 1.9
logL -8705 NA
n 19036 NA
FS
Variable Value SE
F 24 1.0
S 11 1.5
logL -8772 NA
n 19036 NA
SC
Variable Value SE
S 37 1.1
C 23 2.1
logL -8977 NA
n 19036 NA
GFC
Variable Value SE
G 30 1.9
F 14 1.2
C 10 2.1
logL -8672 NA
n 19036 NA
GFS
Variable Value SE
G 26 1.8
F 13 1.2
S 10 1.4
logL -8655 NA
n 19036 NA
GKC
Variable Value SE
G 23 2.1
K 39 2.6
C 25 1.9
logL -8639 NA
n 19036 NA
GKF
Variable Value SE
G 24 2.1
K 9 3.8
F 14 1.6
logL -8680 NA
n 19036 NA
GKS
Variable Value SE
G 24 2.1
K 25 2.8
S 12 1.3
logL -8668 NA
n 19036 NA
GSC
Variable Value SE
G 38 1.6
S 16 1.3
C 19 2.0
logL -8670 NA
n 19036 NA
KFC
Variable Value SE
K 65 4.5
F 0 2.2
C 28 2.8
logL -8707 NA
n 19036 NA
KFS
Variable Value SE
K 33 3.4
F 10 1.7
S 10 1.4
logL -8724 NA
n 19036 NA
KSC
Variable Value SE
K 55 2.1
S 9 1.3
C 23 2.0
logL -8680 NA
n 19036 NA
FSC
Variable Value SE
F 23 1.0
S 11 1.5
C 0 2.2
logL -8772 NA
n 19036 NA
GFSC
Variable Value SE
G 29 1.9
F 10 1.3
S 10 1.4
C 11 2.2
logL -8643 NA
n 19036 NA
GKFC
Variable Value SE
G 22 2.1
K 41 4.9
F 0 2.2
C 26 2.8
logL -8639 NA
n 19036 NA
GKFS
Variable Value SE
G 24 2.1
K 10 3.9
F 10 1.7
S 10 1.3
logL -8652 NA
n 19036 NA
GKSC
Variable Value SE
G 23 2.1
K 31 2.9
S 9 1.3
C 22 2.0
logL -8612 NA
n 19036 NA
Model comparison
model logL
C -9455
S -9030
SC -8977
F -8803
G -8801
K -8792
FSC -8772
FS -8772
KF -8751
GC -8748
KS -8741
KFS -8724
GK -8719
GS -8710
KFC -8707
KC -8705
GF -8683
GKF -8680
KSC -8680
GFC -8672
GSC -8670
GKS -8668
GFS -8655
GKFS -8652
GFSC -8643
GKFC -8639
GKC -8639
Full -8633
Selected -8612
GKSC -8612

GREML-MS

MAF Bin Value SE
0.001-0.01 22.58 9.49
0.01-0.1 5.59 5.28
0.1-0.2 1.10 3.55
0.2-0.3 5.89 3.43
0.3-0.4 7.54 3.27
0.4-0.5 7.69 2.91

Cognitive: Education

GREML-KIN

Full
Variable Value SE
G 13 2.0
K 39 5.1
F 0 2.4
S 11 1.4
C 36 2.8
logL -8553 NA
n 18528 NA
Selected
Variable Value SE
G 16 2.1
K 28 3.0
S 11 1.4
C 31 1.9
logL -8533 NA
n 18528 NA
G
Variable Value SE
G 38 1.4
logL -8778 NA
n 18528 NA
K
Variable Value SE
K 49 1.6
logL -8752 NA
n 18528 NA
F
Variable Value SE
F 27 0.8
logL -8677 NA
n 18528 NA
S
Variable Value SE
S 36 1.1
logL -8856 NA
n 18528 NA
C
Variable Value SE
C 40 1.9
logL -9146 NA
n 18528 NA
GK
Variable Value SE
G 18 2.1
K 30 2.6
logL -8711 NA
n 18528 NA
GF
Variable Value SE
G 16 1.8
F 20 1.1
logL -8636 NA
n 18528 NA
GS
Variable Value SE
G 28 1.6
S 20 1.3
logL -8665 NA
n 18528 NA
GC
Variable Value SE
G 39 1.4
C 32 1.9
logL -8665 NA
n 18528 NA
KF
Variable Value SE
K 12 3.4
F 22 1.7
logL -8671 NA
n 18528 NA
KS
Variable Value SE
K 39 2.0
S 16 1.4
logL -8678 NA
n 18528 NA
KC
Variable Value SE
K 54 1.7
C 36 1.8
logL -8597 NA
n 18528 NA
FS
Variable Value SE
F 22 1.0
S 12 1.5
logL -8646 NA
n 18528 NA
SC
Variable Value SE
S 34 1.1
C 32 2.0
logL -8748 NA
n 18528 NA
GFC
Variable Value SE
G 21 1.9
F 15 1.2
C 20 2.1
logL -8593 NA
n 18528 NA
GFS
Variable Value SE
G 16 1.8
F 15 1.3
S 12 1.5
logL -8604 NA
n 18528 NA
GKC
Variable Value SE
G 16 2.1
K 38 2.7
C 35 1.8
logL -8566 NA
n 18528 NA
GKF
Variable Value SE
G 15 2.1
K 0 3.9
F 20 1.7
logL -8636 NA
n 18528 NA
GKS
Variable Value SE
G 18 2.1
K 21 2.9
S 16 1.4
logL -8639 NA
n 18528 NA
GSC
Variable Value SE
G 28 1.6
S 18 1.3
C 29 2.0
logL -8575 NA
n 18528 NA
KFC
Variable Value SE
K 56 4.7
F 0 2.3
C 36 2.8
logL -8598 NA
n 18528 NA
KFS
Variable Value SE
K 13 3.6
F 17 1.8
S 12 1.5
logL -8640 NA
n 18528 NA
KSC
Variable Value SE
K 45 2.2
S 11 1.4
C 32 1.9
logL -8565 NA
n 18528 NA
FSC
Variable Value SE
F 20 1.2
S 13 1.6
C 13 2.1
logL -8628 NA
n 18528 NA
GFSC
Variable Value SE
G 22 1.9
F 9 1.5
S 13 1.6
C 22 2.3
logL -8559 NA
n 18528 NA
GKFC
Variable Value SE
G 15 2.1
K 39 5.1
F 0 2.4
C 36 2.9
logL -8566 NA
n 18528 NA
GKFS
Variable Value SE
G 16 2.1
K 0 4.1
F 15 1.8
S 11 1.5
logL -8604 NA
n 18528 NA
GKSC
Variable Value SE
G 16 2.1
K 28 3.0
S 11 1.4
C 31 1.9
logL -8533 NA
n 18528 NA
KFSC
Variable Value SE
K 55 4.6
F 0 2.4
S 10 1.4
C 36 2.7
logL -8583 NA
n 18528 NA
Model comparison
model logL
C -9146
S -8856
G -8778
K -8752
SC -8748
GK -8711
KS -8678
F -8677
KF -8671
GS -8665
GC -8665
FS -8646
KFS -8640
GKS -8639
GKF -8636
GF -8636
FSC -8628
GKFS -8604
GFS -8604
KFC -8598
KC -8597
GFC -8593
KFSC -8583
GSC -8575
GKFC -8566
GKC -8566
KSC -8565
GFSC -8559
Full -8553
Selected -8533
GKSC -8533

GREML-MS

MAF Bin Value SE
0.001-0.01 12.14 9.59
0.01-0.1 1.48 5.16
0.1-0.2 3.99 3.60
0.2-0.3 9.31 3.55
0.3-0.4 8.97 3.37
0.4-0.5 1.30 2.80

Cognitive: Vocabulary

GREML-KIN

Full
Variable Value SE
G 23 2.0
K 39 4.7
F 0 2.2
S 6 1.3
C 31 2.6
logL -8615 NA
n 19269 NA
Selected
Variable Value SE
G 26 2.0
K 31 2.8
S 7 1.3
C 27 1.9
logL -8605 NA
n 19269 NA
G
Variable Value SE
G 47 1.3
logL -8818 NA
n 19269 NA
K
Variable Value SE
K 57 1.5
logL -8845 NA
n 19269 NA
F
Variable Value SE
F 29 0.7
logL -8826 NA
n 19269 NA
S
Variable Value SE
S 38 1.1
logL -9125 NA
n 19269 NA
C
Variable Value SE
C 35 2
logL -9523 NA
n 19269 NA
GK
Variable Value SE
G 27 2.1
K 29 2.5
logL -8747 NA
n 19269 NA
GF
Variable Value SE
G 27 1.8
F 17 1.1
logL -8687 NA
n 19269 NA
GS
Variable Value SE
G 40 1.5
S 16 1.2
logL -8736 NA
n 19269 NA
GC
Variable Value SE
G 49 1.3
C 26 1.9
logL -8728 NA
n 19269 NA
KF
Variable Value SE
K 28 3.2
F 17 1.6
logL -8784 NA
n 19269 NA
KS
Variable Value SE
K 51 1.8
S 12 1.3
logL -8797 NA
n 19269 NA
KC
Variable Value SE
K 63 1.6
C 31 1.8
logL -8711 NA
n 19269 NA
FS
Variable Value SE
F 26 1.0
S 9 1.4
logL -8807 NA
n 19269 NA
SC
Variable Value SE
S 36 1.1
C 28 2.0
logL -9041 NA
n 19269 NA
GFC
Variable Value SE
G 32 1.9
F 14 1.1
C 16 2.0
logL -8656 NA
n 19269 NA
GFS
Variable Value SE
G 28 1.8
F 14 1.2
S 8 1.3
logL -8669 NA
n 19269 NA
GKC
Variable Value SE
G 25 2.0
K 37 2.6
C 30 1.8
logL -8623 NA
n 19269 NA
GKF
Variable Value SE
G 27 2.1
K 1 3.7
F 17 1.5
logL -8687 NA
n 19269 NA
GKS
Variable Value SE
G 27 2.1
K 23 2.7
S 12 1.2
logL -8699 NA
n 19269 NA
GSC
Variable Value SE
G 41 1.5
S 14 1.2
C 24 1.9
logL -8665 NA
n 19269 NA
KFC
Variable Value SE
K 67 4.2
F 0 2.1
C 33 2.6
logL -8714 NA
n 19269 NA
KFS
Variable Value SE
K 29 3.3
F 14 1.7
S 8 1.3
logL -8765 NA
n 19269 NA
KSC
Variable Value SE
K 58 2.0
S 7 1.3
C 29 1.9
logL -8695 NA
n 19269 NA
FSC
Variable Value SE
F 25 1.0
S 9 1.5
C 4 2.0
logL -8805 NA
n 19269 NA
GFSC
Variable Value SE
G 32 1.9
F 10 1.3
S 8 1.4
C 17 2.1
logL -8637 NA
n 19269 NA
GKFC
Variable Value SE
G 25 2.0
K 39 4.7
F 0 2.1
C 31 2.6
logL -8624 NA
n 19269 NA
GKFS
Variable Value SE
G 27 2.1
K 2 3.8
F 13 1.6
S 8 1.3
logL -8668 NA
n 19269 NA
GKSC
Variable Value SE
G 26 2.0
K 31 2.8
S 7 1.3
C 27 1.9
logL -8605 NA
n 19269 NA
KFSC
Variable Value SE
K 65 4.3
F 0 2.2
S 4 1.2
C 31 2.6
logL -8704 NA
n 19269 NA
Model comparison
model logL
C -9523
S -9125
SC -9041
K -8845
F -8826
G -8818
FS -8807
FSC -8805
KS -8797
KF -8784
KFS -8765
GK -8747
GS -8736
GC -8728
KFC -8714
KC -8711
KFSC -8704
GKS -8699
KSC -8695
GF -8687
GKF -8687
GFS -8669
GKFS -8668
GSC -8665
GFC -8656
GFSC -8637
GKFC -8624
GKC -8623
Full -8615
Selected -8605
GKSC -8605

GREML-MS

MAF Bin Value SE
0.001-0.01 13.80 9.17
0.01-0.1 0.65 4.92
0.1-0.2 7.66 3.54
0.2-0.3 5.13 3.38
0.3-0.4 12.18 3.33
0.4-0.5 5.12 2.87

Cognitive: Digit Symbol Test

GREML-KIN

Full
Variable Value SE
G 20 2.0
K 23 5.1
F 0 2.4
S 8 1.4
C 17 3.1
logL -9223 NA
n 19385 NA
Selected
Variable Value SE
G 21 2.1
K 15 2.8
S 8 1.4
C 13 2.3
logL -9212 NA
n 19385 NA
G
Variable Value SE
G 34 1.3
logL -9279 NA
n 19385 NA
K
Variable Value SE
K 41 1.6
logL -9315 NA
n 19385 NA
F
Variable Value SE
F 20 0.8
logL -9344 NA
n 19385 NA
S
Variable Value SE
S 27 1.1
logL -9436 NA
n 19385 NA
C
Variable Value SE
C 15 2.4
logL -9679 NA
n 19385 NA
GK
Variable Value SE
G 22 2.1
K 18 2.5
logL -9252 NA
n 19385 NA
GF
Variable Value SE
G 24 1.8
F 9 1.1
logL -9246 NA
n 19385 NA
GS
Variable Value SE
G 28 1.5
S 12 1.3
logL -9237 NA
n 19385 NA
GC
Variable Value SE
G 35 1.4
C 12 2.3
logL -9265 NA
n 19385 NA
KF
Variable Value SE
K 28 3.4
F 7 1.7
logL -9306 NA
n 19385 NA
KS
Variable Value SE
K 34 2.0
S 9 1.4
logL -9290 NA
n 19385 NA
KC
Variable Value SE
K 43 1.7
C 17 2.3
logL -9290 NA
n 19385 NA
FS
Variable Value SE
F 16 1.0
S 10 1.5
logL -9320 NA
n 19385 NA
SC
Variable Value SE
S 27 1.1
C 14 2.4
logL -9420 NA
n 19385 NA
GFC
Variable Value SE
G 25 1.9
F 8 1.2
C 7 2.4
logL -9242 NA
n 19385 NA
GFS
Variable Value SE
G 23 1.8
F 6 1.2
S 9 1.4
logL -9227 NA
n 19385 NA
GKC
Variable Value SE
G 21 2.1
K 21 2.6
C 15 2.2
logL -9230 NA
n 19385 NA
GKF
Variable Value SE
G 22 2.1
K 7 3.8
F 7 1.7
logL -9244 NA
n 19385 NA
GKS
Variable Value SE
G 22 2.1
K 12 2.8
S 9 1.4
logL -9227 NA
n 19385 NA
GSC
Variable Value SE
G 29 1.5
S 11 1.3
C 12 2.3
logL -9226 NA
n 19385 NA
KFC
Variable Value SE
K 45 4.6
F 0 2.3
C 18 3.1
logL -9291 NA
n 19385 NA
KFS
Variable Value SE
K 28 3.5
F 4 1.8
S 8 1.4
logL -9288 NA
n 19385 NA
KSC
Variable Value SE
K 36 2.1
S 8 1.4
C 15 2.3
logL -9273 NA
n 19385 NA
FSC
Variable Value SE
F 15 1.1
S 9 1.5
C 0 2.4
logL -9321 NA
n 19385 NA
GFSC
Variable Value SE
G 25 1.9
F 4 1.4
S 9 1.5
C 9 2.5
logL -9221 NA
n 19385 NA
GKFC
Variable Value SE
G 21 2.1
K 23 5.0
F 0 2.3
C 16 3.1
logL -9231 NA
n 19385 NA
GKFS
Variable Value SE
G 22 2.1
K 7 3.9
F 3 1.8
S 8 1.4
logL -9226 NA
n 19385 NA
GKSC
Variable Value SE
G 21 2.1
K 15 2.8
S 8 1.4
C 13 2.3
logL -9212 NA
n 19385 NA
KFSC
Variable Value SE
K 44 4.7
F 0 2.4
S 8 1.4
C 18 3.1
logL -9285 NA
n 19385 NA
Model comparison
model logL
C -9679
S -9436
SC -9420
F -9344
FSC -9321
FS -9320
K -9315
KF -9306
KFC -9291
KC -9290
KS -9290
KFS -9288
KFSC -9285
G -9279
KSC -9273
GC -9265
GK -9252
GF -9246
GKF -9244
GFC -9242
GS -9237
GKFC -9231
GKC -9230
GKS -9227
GFS -9227
GSC -9226
GKFS -9226
Full -9223
GFSC -9221
Selected -9212
GKSC -9212

GREML-MS

MAF Bin Value SE
0.001-0.01 6.16 9.05
0.01-0.1 4.44 5.09
0.1-0.2 0.00 3.37
0.2-0.3 3.69 3.26
0.3-0.4 3.34 3.14
0.4-0.5 4.51 2.72

Cognitive: Verbal Fluency

GREML-KIN

Full
Variable Value SE
G 18 2.0
K 31 5.2
F 0 2.4
S 5 1.3
C 16 3.1
logL -9129 NA
n 19380 NA
Selected
Variable Value SE
G 19 2.1
K 27 2.9
S 5 1.3
C 15 2.1
logL -9127 NA
n 19380 NA
G
Variable Value SE
G 38 1.3
logL -9226 NA
n 19380 NA
K
Variable Value SE
K 48 1.6
logL -9209 NA
n 19380 NA
F
Variable Value SE
F 23 0.8
logL -9237 NA
n 19380 NA
S
Variable Value SE
S 28 1.1
logL -9423 NA
n 19380 NA
C
Variable Value SE
C 17 2.3
logL -9682 NA
n 19380 NA
GK
Variable Value SE
G 19 2.1
K 28 2.6
logL -9162 NA
n 19380 NA
GF
Variable Value SE
G 22 1.8
F 13 1.1
logL -9151 NA
n 19380 NA
GS
Variable Value SE
G 32 1.5
S 11 1.3
logL -9188 NA
n 19380 NA
GC
Variable Value SE
G 38 1.4
C 13 2.1
logL -9206 NA
n 19380 NA
KF
Variable Value SE
K 31 3.3
F 9 1.6
logL -9192 NA
n 19380 NA
KS
Variable Value SE
K 43 1.9
S 6 1.3
logL -9197 NA
n 19380 NA
KC
Variable Value SE
K 50 1.7
C 16 2.1
logL -9179 NA
n 19380 NA
FS
Variable Value SE
F 20 1.0
S 6 1.5
logL -9229 NA
n 19380 NA
SC
Variable Value SE
S 27 1.1
C 15 2.2
logL -9400 NA
n 19380 NA
GFC
Variable Value SE
G 23 1.9
F 12 1.2
C 3 2.3
logL -9150 NA
n 19380 NA
GFS
Variable Value SE
G 22 1.8
F 11 1.2
S 5 1.4
logL -9145 NA
n 19380 NA
GKC
Variable Value SE
G 19 2.1
K 31 2.6
C 16 2.1
logL -9133 NA
n 19380 NA
GKF
Variable Value SE
G 19 2.1
K 12 3.8
F 9 1.6
logL -9146 NA
n 19380 NA
GKS
Variable Value SE
G 19 2.1
K 24 2.8
S 6 1.3
logL -9150 NA
n 19380 NA
GSC
Variable Value SE
G 32 1.6
S 10 1.3
C 12 2.2
logL -9172 NA
n 19380 NA
KFC
Variable Value SE
K 49 4.7
F 0 2.3
C 16 3.1
logL -9179 NA
n 19380 NA
KFS
Variable Value SE
K 31 3.4
F 8 1.7
S 4 1.4
logL -9187 NA
n 19380 NA
KSC
Variable Value SE
K 46 2.0
S 4 1.3
C 15 2.1
logL -9173 NA
n 19380 NA
FSC
Variable Value SE
F 19 1.1
S 3 1.5
C 0 2.3
logL -9236 NA
n 19380 NA
GFSC
Variable Value SE
G 23 1.9
F 10 1.3
S 5 1.4
C 4 2.3
logL -9144 NA
n 19380 NA
GKFC
Variable Value SE
G 19 2.1
K 30 5.1
F 1 2.3
C 15 3.0
logL -9133 NA
n 19380 NA
GKFS
Variable Value SE
G 19 2.1
K 12 3.9
F 8 1.7
S 4 1.4
logL -9141 NA
n 19380 NA
GKSC
Variable Value SE
G 19 2.1
K 27 2.9
S 5 1.3
C 15 2.1
logL -9127 NA
n 19380 NA
KFSC
Variable Value SE
K 50 4.8
F 0 2.4
S 4 1.3
C 16 3.1
logL -9175 NA
n 19380 NA
Model comparison
model logL
C -9682
S -9423
SC -9400
F -9237
FSC -9236
FS -9229
G -9226
K -9209
GC -9206
KS -9197
KF -9192
GS -9188
KFS -9187
KC -9179
KFC -9179
KFSC -9175
KSC -9173
GSC -9172
GK -9162
GF -9151
GKS -9150
GFC -9150
GKF -9146
GFS -9145
GFSC -9144
GKFS -9141
GKC -9133
GKFC -9133
Full -9129
Selected -9127
GKSC -9127

GREML-MS

MAF Bin Value SE
0.001-0.01 23.14 9.34
0.01-0.1 2.32 5.16
0.1-0.2 7.13 3.54
0.2-0.3 0.06 3.17
0.3-0.4 6.19 3.08
0.4-0.5 2.56 2.73

Cognitive: Logical Memory

GREML-KIN

Full
Variable Value SE
G 11 2.0
K 24 5.2
F 0 2.4
S 5 1.4
C 5 3.2
logL -9374 NA
n 19365 NA
Selected
Variable Value SE
G 12 2.0
K 20 2.8
S 5 1.4
logL -9374 NA
n 19365 NA
G
Variable Value SE
G 27 1.3
logL -9428 NA
n 19365 NA
K
Variable Value SE
K 36 1.6
logL -9401 NA
n 19365 NA
F
Variable Value SE
F 16 0.8
logL -9442 NA
n 19365 NA
S
Variable Value SE
S 22 1.2
logL -9514 NA
n 19365 NA
C
Variable Value SE
C 6 2.4
logL -9681 NA
n 19365 NA
GK
Variable Value SE
G 12 2.0
K 24 2.6
logL -9382 NA
n 19365 NA
GF
Variable Value SE
G 17 1.8
F 9 1.1
logL -9393 NA
n 19365 NA
GS
Variable Value SE
G 22 1.5
S 10 1.3
logL -9400 NA
n 19365 NA
GC
Variable Value SE
G 28 1.4
C 3 2.3
logL -9427 NA
n 19365 NA
KF
Variable Value SE
K 31 3.4
F 3 1.7
logL -9399 NA
n 19365 NA
KS
Variable Value SE
K 32 2.0
S 5 1.4
logL -9393 NA
n 19365 NA
KC
Variable Value SE
K 37 1.7
C 5 2.3
logL -9398 NA
n 19365 NA
FS
Variable Value SE
F 13 1.0
S 7 1.5
logL -9431 NA
n 19365 NA
SC
Variable Value SE
S 22 1.2
C 4 2.4
logL -9513 NA
n 19365 NA
GFC
Variable Value SE
G 14 1.8
F 8 1.2
C 0 2.5
logL -9398 NA
n 19365 NA
GFS
Variable Value SE
G 17 1.8
F 7 1.2
S 6 1.5
logL -9385 NA
n 19365 NA
GKC
Variable Value SE
G 12 2.0
K 25 2.6
C 5 2.3
logL -9380 NA
n 19365 NA
GKF
Variable Value SE
G 12 2.0
K 19 3.9
F 3 1.7
logL -9381 NA
n 19365 NA
GKS
Variable Value SE
G 12 2.0
K 20 2.8
S 5 1.4
logL -9374 NA
n 19365 NA
GSC
Variable Value SE
G 22 1.5
S 10 1.3
C 2 2.3
logL -9400 NA
n 19365 NA
KFC
Variable Value SE
K 36 4.7
F 1 2.3
C 5 3.2
logL -9398 NA
n 19365 NA
KFS
Variable Value SE
K 31 3.5
F 1 1.8
S 5 1.5
logL -9393 NA
n 19365 NA
KSC
Variable Value SE
K 33 2.1
S 5 1.4
C 4 2.3
logL -9391 NA
n 19365 NA
FSC
Variable Value SE
F 12 1.1
S 1 1.6
C 0 2.5
logL -9453 NA
n 19365 NA
GFSC
Variable Value SE
G 15 1.9
F 7 1.4
S 4 1.5
C 0 2.6
logL -9389 NA
n 19365 NA
GKFC
Variable Value SE
G 12 2.0
K 23 5.1
F 1 2.3
C 4 3.2
logL -9380 NA
n 19365 NA
GKFS
Variable Value SE
G 12 2.0
K 19 4.0
F 1 1.7
S 5 1.5
logL -9374 NA
n 19365 NA
GKSC
Variable Value SE
G 12 2.0
K 21 2.8
S 5 1.4
C 4 2.3
logL -9373 NA
n 19365 NA
KFSC
Variable Value SE
K 36 4.8
F 0 2.5
S 5 1.4
C 5 3.2
logL -9393 NA
n 19365 NA
Model comparison
model logL
C -9681
S -9514
SC -9513
FSC -9453
F -9442
FS -9431
G -9428
GC -9427
K -9401
GS -9400
GSC -9400
KF -9399
KC -9398
GFC -9398
KFC -9398
KFSC -9393
KS -9393
KFS -9393
GF -9393
KSC -9391
GFSC -9389
GFS -9385
GK -9382
GKF -9381
GKC -9380
GKFC -9380
Full -9375
Selected -9374
GKS -9374
GKFS -9374
GKSC -9373

GREML-MS

MAF Bin Value SE
0.001-0.01 11.37 9.28
0.01-0.1 1.22 5.05
0.1-0.2 0.82 3.41
0.2-0.3 3.32 3.24
0.3-0.4 2.00 3.07
0.4-0.5 2.95 2.60

Personality: Neuroticism

GREML-KIN

Full
Variable Value SE
G 11 2.0
K 15 5.1
F 2 2.5
S 0 1.4
C 0 3.4
logL -9530 NA
n 19494 NA
Selected
Variable Value SE
G 11 2.0
K 19 2.5
logL -9531 NA
n 19494 NA
G
Variable Value SE
G 23 1.3
logL -9561 NA
n 19494 NA
K
Variable Value SE
K 30 1.6
logL -9547 NA
n 19494 NA
F
Variable Value SE
F 14 0.8
logL -9573 NA
n 19494 NA
S
Variable Value SE
S 15 1.2
logL -9652 NA
n 19494 NA
C
Variable Value SE
C 3 2.6
logL -9743 NA
n 19494 NA
GK
Variable Value SE
G 11 2.0
K 19 2.5
logL -9531 NA
n 19494 NA
GF
Variable Value SE
G 14 1.8
F 7 1.1
logL -9537 NA
n 19494 NA
GS
Variable Value SE
G 20 1.5
S 5 1.3
logL -9554 NA
n 19494 NA
GC
Variable Value SE
G 23 1.3
C 1 2.5
logL -9561 NA
n 19494 NA
KF
Variable Value SE
K 26 3.5
F 2 1.7
logL -9547 NA
n 19494 NA
KS
Variable Value SE
K 30 2.0
S 0 1.4
logL -9547 NA
n 19494 NA
KC
Variable Value SE
K 30 1.7
C 2 2.5
logL -9547 NA
n 19494 NA
FS
Variable Value SE
F 13 1.0
S 1 1.5
logL -9573 NA
n 19494 NA
SC
Variable Value SE
S 15 1.2
C 3 2.5
logL -9651 NA
n 19494 NA
GFC
Variable Value SE
G 11 1.8
F 6 1.2
C 0 2.7
logL -9543 NA
n 19494 NA
GFS
Variable Value SE
G 14 1.8
F 7 1.2
S 0 1.5
logL -9537 NA
n 19494 NA
GKC
Variable Value SE
G 11 2.0
K 19 2.5
C 2 2.5
logL -9530 NA
n 19494 NA
GKF
Variable Value SE
G 11 2.0
K 15 4.0
F 2 1.7
logL -9530 NA
n 19494 NA
GKS
Variable Value SE
G 11 2.0
K 19 2.7
S 0 1.4
logL -9531 NA
n 19494 NA
GSC
Variable Value SE
G 20 1.5
S 5 1.3
C 1 2.5
logL -9554 NA
n 19494 NA
KFC
Variable Value SE
K 26 4.7
F 2 2.4
C 0 3.4
logL -9547 NA
n 19494 NA
KFS
Variable Value SE
K 26 3.6
F 2 1.8
S 0 1.4
logL -9547 NA
n 19494 NA
KSC
Variable Value SE
K 30 2.0
S 0 1.4
C 2 2.5
logL -9547 NA
n 19494 NA
FSC
Variable Value SE
F 8 1.1
S 0 1.5
C 0 2.7
logL -9596 NA
n 19494 NA
GFSC
Variable Value SE
G 11 1.8
F 6 1.4
S 0 1.5
C 0 2.7
logL -9544 NA
n 19494 NA
GKFC
Variable Value SE
G 11 2.0
K 15 5.1
F 2 2.4
C 0 3.4
logL -9530 NA
n 19494 NA
GKFS
Variable Value SE
G 11 2.0
K 15 4.0
F 2 1.8
S 0 1.4
logL -9530 NA
n 19494 NA
GKSC
Variable Value SE
G 11 2.0
K 19 2.8
S 0 1.4
C 2 2.5
logL -9530 NA
n 19494 NA
KFSC
Variable Value SE
K 26 4.7
F 2 2.5
S 0 1.4
C 0 3.4
logL -9547 NA
n 19494 NA
Model comparison
model logL
C -9743
S -9652
SC -9651
FSC -9596
F -9573
FS -9573
G -9561
GC -9561
GS -9554
GSC -9554
K -9547
KS -9547
KC -9547
KSC -9547
KFSC -9547
KFC -9547
KFS -9547
KF -9547
GFSC -9544
GFC -9543
GF -9537
GFS -9537
Selected -9531
GK -9531
GKS -9531
GKC -9530
GKSC -9530
Full -9530
GKFC -9530
GKFS -9530
GKF -9530

GREML-MS

MAF Bin Value SE
0.001-0.01 0.00 8.80
0.01-0.1 3.55 4.96
0.1-0.2 0.00 3.23
0.2-0.3 2.31 2.92
0.3-0.4 0.87 2.94
0.4-0.5 4.68 2.56

Personality: Extraversion

GREML-KIN

Full
Variable Value SE
G 11 2.0
K 5 5.1
F 7 2.5
S 0 1.5
C 0 3.3
logL -9528 NA
n 19487 NA
Selected
Variable Value SE
G 13 1.7
F 9 1.1
logL -9529 NA
n 19487 NA
G
Variable Value SE
G 23 1.3
logL -9565 NA
n 19487 NA
K
Variable Value SE
K 30 1.6
logL -9555 NA
n 19487 NA
F
Variable Value SE
F 15 0.8
logL -9559 NA
n 19487 NA
S
Variable Value SE
S 16 1.2
logL -9653 NA
n 19487 NA
C
Variable Value SE
C 7 2.4
logL -9745 NA
n 19487 NA
GK
Variable Value SE
G 12 2.0
K 18 2.5
logL -9537 NA
n 19487 NA
GF
Variable Value SE
G 13 1.7
F 9 1.1
logL -9529 NA
n 19487 NA
GS
Variable Value SE
G 20 1.5
S 5 1.3
logL -9556 NA
n 19487 NA
GC
Variable Value SE
G 23 1.3
C 6 2.3
logL -9561 NA
n 19487 NA
KF
Variable Value SE
K 17 3.4
F 7 1.7
logL -9546 NA
n 19487 NA
KS
Variable Value SE
K 29 2.0
S 1 1.4
logL -9554 NA
n 19487 NA
KC
Variable Value SE
K 31 1.7
C 7 2.3
logL -9550 NA
n 19487 NA
FS
Variable Value SE
F 14 1.0
S 0 1.5
logL -9559 NA
n 19487 NA
SC
Variable Value SE
S 16 1.2
C 6 2.4
logL -9650 NA
n 19487 NA
GFC
Variable Value SE
G 11 1.8
F 9 1.2
C 0 2.5
logL -9530 NA
n 19487 NA
GFS
Variable Value SE
G 13 1.7
F 9 1.2
S 0 1.5
logL -9529 NA
n 19487 NA
GKC
Variable Value SE
G 12 2.0
K 19 2.5
C 7 2.3
logL -9532 NA
n 19487 NA
GKF
Variable Value SE
G 12 2.0
K 6 3.9
F 7 1.7
logL -9528 NA
n 19487 NA
GKS
Variable Value SE
G 12 2.0
K 17 2.8
S 1 1.4
logL -9537 NA
n 19487 NA
GSC
Variable Value SE
G 20 1.5
S 5 1.3
C 6 2.3
logL -9553 NA
n 19487 NA
KFC
Variable Value SE
K 17 4.8
F 7 2.4
C 0 3.3
logL -9546 NA
n 19487 NA
KFS
Variable Value SE
K 17 3.5
F 7 1.8
S 0 1.5
logL -9546 NA
n 19487 NA
KSC
Variable Value SE
K 30 2.1
S 1 1.4
C 7 2.3
logL -9550 NA
n 19487 NA
FSC
Variable Value SE
F 11 1.1
S 0 1.5
C 0 2.5
logL -9571 NA
n 19487 NA
GFSC
Variable Value SE
G 11 1.8
F 9 1.4
S 0 1.5
C 0 2.6
logL -9530 NA
n 19487 NA
GKFC
Variable Value SE
G 12 2.0
K 5 5.1
F 7 2.4
C 0 3.3
logL -9528 NA
n 19487 NA
GKFS
Variable Value SE
G 12 2.0
K 6 3.9
F 7 1.8
S 0 1.5
logL -9528 NA
n 19487 NA
GKSC
Variable Value SE
G 12 2.0
K 18 2.8
S 1 1.4
C 7 2.3
logL -9532 NA
n 19487 NA
KFSC
Variable Value SE
K 17 4.8
F 7 2.5
S 0 1.5
C 0 3.3
logL -9546 NA
n 19487 NA
Model comparison
model logL
C -9745
S -9653
SC -9650
FSC -9571
G -9565
GC -9561
F -9559
FS -9559
GS -9556
K -9555
KS -9554
GSC -9553
KC -9550
KSC -9550
KFSC -9546
KFC -9546
KFS -9546
KF -9546
GK -9537
GKS -9537
GKC -9532
GKSC -9532
GFSC -9530
GFC -9530
GFS -9529
Selected -9529
GF -9529
Full -9528
GKFC -9528
GKFS -9528
GKF -9528

GREML-MS

MAF Bin Value SE
0.001-0.01 16.97 9.20
0.01-0.1 0.00 4.72
0.1-0.2 0.00 3.20
0.2-0.3 1.07 3.07
0.3-0.4 1.06 2.96
0.4-0.5 1.76 2.50

All models

In this interface model statistics can be sorted and filtered. The value column contains the percentage explained for each component, or the loglikelihood statistic or n respectively.

Abbreviations for the matrices: G: Common genetic. K: Pedigree genetic. F: Family. S: Sibling. C: Couple.

Methods: GREML-KIN: our method including related individuals, adjusting for shared environment. GREML-MS: GREML stratified by minor allele frequency bin.

Other abbreviations: g: general factor of intelligence. logL: log-likelihood for this model. n: sample size for this model. SE: Standard errors for the percentage explained by a component. MAF: Minor allele frequency.

Authors & Acknowledgements

Authors

W. David Hill1,2*†, Ruben C. Arslan3,4†, Charley Xia†5, Michelle Luciano1,2, Carmen Amador5, Pau Navarro5, Caroline Hayward5, David J. Porteous1,8,9, Andrew M. McIntosh1,10, Ian J. Deary1,2, Chris S. Haley5,11, and Lars Penke1,3,4

1 Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
2 Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
3 Georg Elias Müller Institute of Psychology, Georg August University Göttingen, Germany 4 Leibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition, Göttingen, Germany
5 MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
7 Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
8 Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
9 Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh
10 Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh EH10 5HF
11 The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK

* Corresponding author
† These authors contributed equally

License

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Archival

This website was archived on Zenodo under the following DOI: DOI.

R package supplementary references

This reference list to the R packages used to make this website was automatically generated from a Packrat lockfile. To find out the exact locked versions, view the lockfile itself.

Allaire, J., Cheng, J., Xie, Y., McPherson, J., Chang, W., Allen, J., … Arslan, R. (2017). rmarkdown: Dynamic documents for R. Retrieved from https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=rmarkdown

Arslan, R. (2014). formr: Formr survey framework.

Daróczi, G., & Tsegelskyi, R. (2015). pander: An R pandoc writer. Retrieved from https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=pander

Jackson, C. H. (2011). Multi-state models for panel data: The msm package for R. Journal of Statistical Software, 38, 1–29. Retrieved from http://www.jstatsoft.org/v38/i08/

R Core Team. (2016). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Retrieved from https://www.R-project.org/

Ushey, K., McPherson, J., Cheng, J., Atkins, A., & Allaire, J. (2016). packrat: A dependency management system for projects and their R package dependencies. Retrieved from https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=packrat

Walker, A. (2015). openxlsx: Read, write and edit xlsx files. Retrieved from https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=openxlsx

Wickham, H. (2009). ggplot2: Elegant graphics for data analysis. Springer-Verlag New York. Retrieved from http://ggplot2.org

Wickham, H. (2017a). stringr: Simple, consistent wrappers for common string operations. Retrieved from https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=stringr

Wickham, H. (2017b). tidyr: Easily tidy data with ’spread()’ and ’gather()’ functions. Retrieved from https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=tidyr

Wickham, H., & Bryan, J. (2017). readxl: Read excel files. Retrieved from https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=readxl

Wickham, H., & Francois, R. (2016). dplyr: A grammar of data manipulation. Retrieved from https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=dplyr

Wickham, H., Hester, J., & Francois, R. (2016). readr: Read tabular data. Retrieved from https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=readr

Xie, Y. (2016). DT: A wrapper of the javascript library ’datatables’. Retrieved from https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=DT